Protocol information

  1. Protocol is the language of computer by which the computer communicate with each others over the network. computer use different protocol  such PPP, SMTP, SNMP, UDP, TCP/IP.etc.
  2. IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority: this Organization is responsible for providing real IP in the world.   
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  4. HTTP : Hyper Text transfer Protocol : an application layer protocol that is basis for world wide web communication

  1. ICMP : Internet control massage protocol : A network layer TCP/IP protocol that carries administrative massage, particularly error massage and information queries.


  1. IMAP : Internet Mail Access Protocol.: An application layer TCP/IP protocol  used by mail clients to download the mail from a server.

  1. ISDN : Integrated Services Digital Network: A dial Up communication services that uses standard  telephone lines to provide high speed digital network.

  1. IP : Internet Protocol : this is a connectionless protocol which work in network layer in OSI Model. IP Packages the data as a datagram. just like the envelope of a letter.


  1. IPSec : IP security Protocol. is a set of protocols which is designed to serve encrypted communication on network layer. it is a TCP/IPprotocol.
  2. IPv6 : latest version of internet protocol that expand  IP address 128 bits instead of 32 bits.

  1. L2TP:  layer 2 tunneling protocol: A Protocol used to established virtual Private network connection across the internet,

  1. NAT: Network Address Translation is a firewall which enables TCP/IP client computers using unregistered IP address to access internet. 

  1. NNTP : Network News Transfer Protocol is a  TCP/IP Protocol to used to post, distributes and retrieve Usenet massages to and from news server

  1. NTP : Network Time Protocol is a TCP/IP protocol to synchronize the clocks on network computer.


  1.  Point to point Protocol (PPP) : it is a Protocol of datalink layer to connect remote computer specially for dial Up connection.

  1. PPPoE : Point to point protocol over ethernet is  A TCP/IP protocol that defines a mechanism  for established different negotiated PPP connection between workstation on a network and provide services on the other network which  access through a DSL connection or CATV

  1. PPTP : Point to point tunneling protocol is a protocol which work in datalink layer to make secured communication for VPN (Virtual Private Network.).


  1. NetBEUI ( NetBIOS Extended user interface) :  Connection oriented protocol suitable of small network. It is not routable protocol.

  1. New Technology File System (NTFS): The latest File system of windows platform. Which has local security and domain security.


  1. Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) : A TCP/IP  Protocol to used to post, distributes and retrieve Usenet massages to and from news server

  1.   Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) : A Dynamic Routing system. where routing table is automatically upgraded and it calculated shortest path to sent data.